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电池保养必知基本常识
1、一次电池和充电电池有什么区别？
电(dian)池内部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)化(hua)学(xue)性决定了该(gai)类型的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)池是否可(ke)充(chong)，根据(ju)它们的(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)化(hua)学(xue)成分和(he)电(dian)极的(de)(de)(de)(de)结(jie)构(gou)可(ke)知，真正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)充(chong)电(dian)电(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)内部(bu)结(jie)构(gou)之(zhi)间所发生(sheng)反应是可(ke)逆的(de)(de)(de)(de)。
理论(lun)上(shang)，这种可(ke)逆(ni)性是不会(hui)受(shou)循环次(ci)数的影响，既(ji)然(ran)(ran)充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)会(hui)在电(dian)(dian)(dian)极体积(ji)和(he)结构上(shang)引起(qi)可(ke)逆(ni)的变(bian)化(hua)，那么(me)可(ke)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的内部设计必须支(zhi)持这种变(bian)化(hua)，既(ji)然(ran)(ran)，一(yi)次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)仅(jin)做一(yi)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)，它(ta)内结构简单得多且(qie)不需(xu)要支(zhi)持这种变(bian)化(hua)，因(yin)此，不可(ke)以(yi)将(jiang)一(yi)次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)拿来充电(dian)(dian)(dian)，这种做法(fa)很危(wei)险(xian)也很不经济，如果需(xu)要反复使(shi)用，应有(you)尽有(you)选(xuan)择真正的循环次(ci)数在1000次(ci)左右的充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，这种电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也可(ke)称为一(yi)次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
2、一次(ci)电池(chi)和二(er)次(ci)电池(chi)还有(you)其他的(de)区别吗(ma)？
另一(yi)明显的区别就(jiu)是它(ta)们能(neng)量(liang)和(he)负载能(neng)力，以及(ji)自放电率，二(er)次电池(chi)能(neng)量(liang)远比一(yi)次电池(chi)高，然而他们的负载能(neng)力相对要小。
3、可充电便携式(shi)电池的优缺点是什(shen)么？
充电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)寿命较(jiao)长(zhang)，可循环(huan)1000次以上，虽然价格(ge)比干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)贵，但如(ru)果经(jing)常(chang)使用(yong)的话，是比较(jiao)划算的。充电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容量(liang)比同规格(ge)的碱锰电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)或锌碳电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)低，比如(ru)，他(ta)们放(fang)电(dian)(dian)较(jiao)快。
另一缺点(dian)是(shi)由于他(ta)们(men)几近恒定的放(fang)电(dian)电(dian)压，很难预测放(fang)电(dian)何时(shi)结束。当放(fang)电(dian)结束时(shi)，电(dian)池电(dian)压会突然降低。假(jia)如在(zai)照相机上使(shi)用，突然电(dian)池放(fang)完了电(dian)，就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)终止。
但(dan)另一方面(mian)可充电电池(chi)能提供的容量比太(tai)部(bu)分(fen)一次(ci)电池(chi)高。
但Li-ion电(dian)(dian)(dian)池却可被广泛地用照相器材中，因为(wei)它容量高，能量密度(du)大，以及随(sui)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)的增加(jia)而逐渐降低的放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压。
4、充电电池是(shi)怎(zen)样实(shi)现它的能量转换？
每种(zhong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都(dou)具(ju)有电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化学(xue)转换的(de)(de)能力，即将储(chu)存的(de)(de)化学(xue)能直接转换成电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，就(jiu)二次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子（也叫蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)）而(er)言（另(ling)一(yi)(yi)术语也称可充(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)携式电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)），在(zai)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)(guo)程中，是将化学(xue)能转换成电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能；而(er)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)(guo)程中，又将电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能重新转换成化学(xue)能。这(zhei)样(yang)的(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)程根据电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化学(xue)系(xi)统不(bu)(bu)同，一(yi)(yi)般可充(chong)(chong)(chong)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)500次(ci)以上，而(er)我司产品li-ion可重复(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1000次(ci)以上。Li-ion是一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)新型的(de)(de)可充(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)便携式电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。它的(de)(de)额(e)定电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)为3.6V，它的(de)(de)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)会随放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)深度(du)逐渐(jian)衰退，不(bu)(bu)象其他充(chong)(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)(yi)样(yang)，在(zai)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)未，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)突然降低。
5、什么是Li-ion电池？
Li-ion是(shi)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)发展而来(lai)。所(suo)以在(zai)(zai)介绍(shao)Li-ion之(zhi)前，先(xian)介绍(shao)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。举例来(lai)讲，以前照相机里用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扣式电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就(jiu)属于锂(li)(li)(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。锂(li)(li)(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)材料是(shi)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)金属，负(fu)极(ji)是(shi)碳(tan)(tan)。当对(dui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)进(jin)行充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)上有锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)生(sheng)成，生(sheng)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)经过电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液运(yun)(yun)(yun)动到负(fu)极(ji)。而作为(wei)负(fu)极(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)呈层状结构，它(ta)有很多(duo)微孔，达到负(fu)极(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)就(jiu)嵌入(ru)到碳(tan)(tan)层的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微孔中，嵌入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)越多(duo)，充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量越高。同(tong)样(yang)，当对(dui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)进(jin)行放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)时（即我(wo)们(men)使用电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)过程(cheng)），嵌在(zai)(zai)负(fu)极(ji)碳(tan)(tan)层中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)脱出(chu)，又运(yun)(yun)(yun)动回(hui)正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)。回(hui)正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)越多(duo)，放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量越高。我(wo)们(men)通(tong)常(chang)所(suo)说的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量。在(zai)(zai)Li-ion的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过程(cheng)中，锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)处(chu)于从正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)→负(fu)极(ji)→正(zheng)(zheng)极(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动状态(tai)。Li-ion就(jiu)像一把摇椅，摇椅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)两端为(wei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)两极(ji)，而锂(li)(li)(li)(li)离(li)子(zi)就(jiu)象运(yun)(yun)(yun)动员一样(yang)在(zai)(zai)摇椅来(lai)回(hui)奔跑。所(suo)以Li-ion又叫摇椅式电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
6、Li-ion电池有哪几(ji)部分(fen)组成？
（1）电池上下(xia)盖（2）正极——活性物(wu)质为氧化锂(li)钴（3）隔膜(mo)——一种特殊的复合膜(mo)
（4）负极——活性物(wu)质为(wei)碳（5）有机电(dian)解液（6）电(dian)池壳(qiao)（分为(wei)钢壳(qiao)和铝(lv)壳(qiao)两种）
7、Li-ion电池有哪些(xie)优点？哪些(xie)缺点？
Li-ion具有以下优点：
1）单体电(dian)池的工作电(dian)压高达(da)3.6-3.8V：
2）比(bi)能(neng)量(liang)大(da)，目前(qian)能(neng)达到的(de)实(shi)际比(bi)能(neng)量(liang)为100-115Wh/kg和(he)240-253Wh/L（2倍(bei)于(yu)Nl-Cd，1.5倍(bei)于(yu)Ni-MH），未(wei)来随着(zhe)技(ji)术(shu)发展，比(bi)能(neng)量(liang)可(ke)高达150Wh/kg和(he)400Wh/L
3）循环(huan)寿命长(zhang)，一般均可达到500次(ci)以(yi)上，甚至1000次(ci).对于小电(dian)(dian)流放电(dian)(dian)的电(dian)(dian)器，电(dian)(dian)池的使用(yong)期限将倍增电(dian)(dian)器的竞争(zheng)力.
4）安全性能好(hao)，无(wu)公害，无(wu)记忆效(xiao)应.作为(wei)(wei)Li-ion前身的(de)(de)锂电池(chi)，因金(jin)属锂易形成(cheng)枝晶(jing)发(fa)生短路，缩(suo)减了其应用领域：Li-ion中不含镉(ge)、铅、汞等对环境(jing)有污染(ran)的(de)(de)元(yuan)素：部分工艺（如烧(shao)结(jie)式(shi)）的(de)(de)Ni-Cd电池(chi)存(cun)(cun)在的(de)(de)一大弊病为(wei)(wei)“记忆效(xiao)应”，严重束缚(fu)电池(chi)的(de)(de)使用，但(dan)Li-ion根本不存(cun)(cun)在这方面的(de)(de)问题。
5）自放电小
室温(wen)下充满电的Li-ion储存1个月(yue)后的自放(fang)电率为10%左(zuo)右，大大低于Ni-Cd的25-30%，Ni、MH的30-35%。Li-ion也存在(zai)着一(yi)定的缺(que)点，如：
1）电池成本较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)。主要表现在LiCoO2的价格高(gao)（Co的资(zi)源较(jiao)(jiao)小），电解质体系提纯困难。
2）不能大(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。由(you)于有机电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解质体系等原因，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内阻相对其他类电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)大(da)。故要求(qiu)较小的放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)密度，一般放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在0.5C以(yi)下，只适合于中(zhong)小电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)使(shi)用。
3）需要保护线(xian)路控(kong)制。
A、过充(chong)保护：电(dian)池过充(chong)将破(po)坏正极结构而影响(xiang)性能和(he)寿命；同时过充(chong)电(dian)使电(dian)解液分解，内部压力过高而导致(zhi)漏液等问题(ti)；故必(bi)须(xu)在4.1V-4.2V的(de)恒(heng)压下(xia)充(chong)电(dian)；
B、过放保(bao)护：过放会导致活性物质的恢复困难，故(gu)也需要有保(bao)护线路控制。
8、什么是锂(li)离(li)子(zi)制造过(guo)程？
1）配料
用专门的(de)溶液和粘接剂(ji)分别与粉末状(zhuang)的(de)正负极(ji)(ji)活性物质(zhi)混(hun)合，经高(gao)速搅拌均(jun)匀后，制成浆状(zhuang)的(de)正负极(ji)(ji)物质(zhi)。
2）涂漠
将(jiang)制成的(de)(de)浆料均匀地涂覆在(zai)金属箔的(de)(de)表面，烘干，分(fen)别(bie)制成正负极极片(pian)。
3）装配
按正(zheng)极(ji)片——隔膜(mo)——负极(ji)片——隔膜(mo)自上而下的顺序放好，经卷绕(rao)制成(cheng)电池(chi)极(ji)芯，在经注入电解液、封口等工艺过程(cheng)，即完成(cheng)电池(chi)装配(pei)过程(cheng)。制成(cheng)成(cheng)品电池(chi)。
4）化成
用专(zhuan)用的电(dian)(dian)池充放电(dian)(dian)设备对成(cheng)品电(dian)(dian)池进(jin)行充放电(dian)(dian)测(ce)试，对每一只电(dian)(dian)池都(dou)进(jin)行检(jian)测(ce)。筛选出(chu)合格的成(cheng)品电(dian)(dian)池，待出(chu)厂。
9、锂离子安全特性是如(ru)何实(shi)现(xian)的？
为了确保(bao)Li-ion安全可靠的使用，**们进行了非常严格、周密的电(dian)池安全性能设计，以达(da)到电(dian)池安全考(kao)核指标。
1）隔膜135℃自(zi)动关断保护
采用国际**的Celgars2300PE-PP-PE三层复合膜(mo)(mo)。在(zai)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)升(sheng)温达(da)到(dao)120℃的情况下，PE复合膜(mo)(mo)两(liang)侧(ce)的膜(mo)(mo)孔闭(bi)合，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内阻增大，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内部(bu)升(sheng)温减(jian)缓，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)升(sheng)温达(da)到(dao)135℃时，PP膜(mo)(mo)孔闭(bi)合，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内部(bu)断路，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不再升(sheng)温，确保电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)安全可靠。
2）向电解液中加入(ru)添加剂(ji)
在电(dian)池(chi)过充，电(dian)池(chi)电(dian)压高于(yu)4.2V的条件(jian)下，电(dian)解(jie)液(ye)(ye)添加(jia)剂与(yu)电(dian)解(jie)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)其(qi)他物质聚合，电(dian)池(chi)内(nei)阻(zu)大幅(fu)度增(zeng)加(jia)，电(dian)池(chi)内(nei)部形(xing)成大面(mian)积(ji)断路，电(dian)池(chi)不再升温。
3）电池盖复合结(jie)构
电池(chi)(chi)(chi)盖采用刻(ke)痕(hen)防爆球结构，电池(chi)(chi)(chi)升温(wen)时(shi)，电池(chi)(chi)(chi)内部活化过程中所产生的部分(fen)气体(ti)膨胀，电池(chi)(chi)(chi)内压加大(da)，压力达到(dao)一定程度刻(ke)痕(hen)破裂、放气。
4）各种环境滥用测(ce)试
进行各项(xiang)滥用(yong)(yong)实验，如外部短路、过充、针(zhen)刺(ci)、冲击、焚烧等，考察电池(chi)安全性(xing)能(neng)。同时对(dui)电池(chi)进行温度(du)冲击实验和振动、跌落、冲击等力学性(xing)能(neng)实验，考察电池(chi)在实际使用(yong)(yong)环境焉的性(xing)能(neng)情况。
10、什么充电(dian)限制(zhi)电(dian)压？额定容(rong)量？额定电(dian)压？终止电(dian)压？
A、充电(dian)限制电(dian)压
按生产厂家规定(ding)，电池由恒流充电转(zhuan)入恒压充电时(shi)的电压值。
B、额定容量
生产(chan)厂(chang)家标明(ming)的电池(chi)容量(liang)，指电池(chi)在环(huan)境温度为20℃±5℃条件下(xia)，以(yi)5h率放电至终止(zhi)电压时(shi)所应提供的电量(liang)，用C5表(biao)示，单位(wei)为Ah（安培小时(shi)）或mAh（毫(hao)安小时(shi)）。
C、标称电压
用以表示(shi)电池电压的近(jin)似值(zhi)。
D、终止电压
规定放(fang)电终止时电池(chi)(chi)的负载电压，其(qi)值为n*2.75V(锂(li)离子单体电池(chi)(chi)的串(chuan)联只(zhi)数用“n”表示)。
11、为(wei)什么恒压充电电流为(wei)逐渐减少(shao)？
因为恒(heng)流(liu)过程终止时(shi)，电池内部(bu)的(de)电化(hua)学极化(hua)然保持再(zai)整个恒(heng)流(liu)中相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)水平(ping)，恒(heng)压过程，再(zai)恒(heng)定(ding)电
场作用下，内部Li+的(de)浓差极化在逐(zhu)渐(jian)消除，离子(zi)的(de)迁(qian)移(yi)数和速(su)度表现为(wei)电流(liu)逐(zhu)渐(jian)减(jian)少(shao)。
12、什么是电池的容(rong)量？
电(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)有额定(ding)(ding)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和实(shi)际容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)之分(fen)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)额定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)(liang)是指(zhi)设计与制造电(dian)(dian)(dian)池时规(gui)定(ding)(ding)或保(bao)证电(dian)(dian)(dian)池在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下，应该放(fang)出**低限度的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。Li-ion规(gui)定(ding)(ding)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池在常温、恒流（1C）恒压(ya)（4.2V）控(kong)制的(de)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)3h，电(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)实(shi)际容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)是指(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池在一定(ding)(ding)的(de)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下所放(fang)出的(de)实(shi)际电(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，主要受放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率(lv)和温度的(de)影响（故严格来讲，电(dian)(dian)(dian)池容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)应指(zhi)明充(chong)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)）。容(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)常见单(dan)位有：mAh、Ah=1000mAh）。
13、什么是电池内阻(zu)？
是指电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在工(gong)作时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)过电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)所受到的阻力。有欧姆(mu)(mu)内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻与(yu)极(ji)化内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻两部(bu)(bu)分组成。电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻大(da)，会(hui)导(dao)致(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)作电(dian)(dian)(dian)压降低，放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)时间缩短(duan)。内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻大(da)小主要受电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的材料、制造工(gong)艺、电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)结构等(deng)因(yin)素的影(ying)响。是衡(heng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性能的一个重要参(can)数。注：一般以(yi)充(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)态内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻为(wei)标准。测(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻需用专用内(nei)(nei)(nei)阻仪(yi)测(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，而(er)不能用万用表欧姆(mu)(mu)档测(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。
14、什么是(shi)开(kai)路电压？
是指电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在非工作状态(tai)(tai)下即电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)无电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流流过时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池正负极(ji)之间的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)势差。一(yi)般情(qing)况下，Li-ion充(chong)满电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)开路(lu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)为(wei)(wei)4.1-4.2V左右(you)，放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)开压(ya)为(wei)(wei)3.0V左右(you)，通(tong)过电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)开路(lu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)，可(ke)以判断电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)荷电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)状态(tai)(tai)。
15、什(shen)么是工作电压？
又称端(duan)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)，是指电(dian)(dian)池在(zai)(zai)工(gong)作状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)下(xia)即电(dian)(dian)路中有电(dian)(dian)流(liu)过(guo)时(shi)电(dian)(dian)池正负(fu)极之间(jian)电(dian)(dian)势差。在(zai)(zai)电(dian)(dian)池放电(dian)(dian)工(gong)作状(zhuang)态(tai)(tai)下(xia)，当电(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)过(guo)电(dian)(dian)池内部(bu)时(shi)，不需(xu)克服电(dian)(dian)池的内阻所造成阻力(li)，故工(gong)作电(dian)(dian)压(ya)总是低于开路电(dian)(dian)池，充电(dian)(dian)时(shi)则与(yu)之相反。Li-ion的放电(dian)(dian)工(gong)作电(dian)(dian)压(ya)在(zai)(zai)3.6V左(zuo)右。
16、什么(me)是放电平台？
放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)平台是(shi)恒(heng)压充到(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)压为4.2V并且(qie)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流小于0.01C时(shi)停充电(dian)(dian)(dian)，然后搁置10分(fen)钟，在(zai)任何们(men)率的放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流下下放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)至(zhi)3.6V时(shi)的放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)时(shi)间。是(shi)衡量电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)好坏的重(zhong)要(yao)标(biao)准。
17、什么是（充(chong)放电(dian)）倍率？时(shi)率？
是指(zhi)电(dian)(dian)池在(zai)规(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)时(shi)间(jian)内放(fang)出其额定(ding)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)时(shi)所需要的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)，它(ta)在(zai)数据(ju)值(zhi)上等于电(dian)(dian)池额定(ding)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)的(de)(de)倍(bei)数，通常以(yi)字母C表(biao)示。如(ru)电(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)标称额定(ding)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)为600mAh为1C（1倍(bei)率），300mAh则为0.5C，6A(600mAh)为10C.以(yi)此类推.
时(shi)(shi)率又称小(xiao)时(shi)(shi)率，时(shi)(shi)指电(dian)池(chi)以一定(ding)的(de)电(dian)流(liu)放(fang)完其额定(ding)容(rong)量所(suo)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)小(xiao)时(shi)(shi)数(shu).如(ru)电(dian)池(chi)的(de)额定(ding)容(rong)量为600mAh，以600mAh的(de)电(dian)流(liu)放(fang)完其额定(ding)容(rong)量需(xu)1小(xiao)时(shi)(shi)，故称600mAh的(de)电(dian)流(liu)为1小(xiao)时(shi)(shi)率，以此类推.
18、什么是自(zi)放电(dian)率(lv)？
又称荷(he)电(dian)(dian)保持能力，是指电(dian)(dian)池在开路状态下，电(dian)(dian)池所(suo)储存的电(dian)(dian)量(liang)在一定条件下的保持能力。主要受电(dian)(dian)池制造工(gong)艺、材(cai)料、储存条件等因素影响。是衡量(liang)电(dian)(dian)池性(xing)能的重要参数。
注：电池100%充电开路(lu)搁置(zhi)后，一定程度的自放电正(zheng)常现象(xiang)。在(zai)GB标准(zhun)规(gui)定LI-ion后在(zai)20±2℃条件下开条件下开路(lu)搁置(zhi)28天(tian)。可(ke)允(yun)许电池有容量损失。
19、什么是内压？
指电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)内部气(qi)压，是密(mi)封电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充放电(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)程中产生的(de)(de)气(qi)体所致(zhi)，主(zhu)要受(shou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)材料、制造工艺、电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)结构等因素影响。其产生原因主(zhu)要是由(you)于(yu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)内部水(shui)分(fen)及有机(ji)溶(rong)液(ye)分(fen)解产生的(de)(de)气(qi)体于(yu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)内聚(ju)集(ji)所致(zhi)。
高倍率的连续过充，会(hui)导致电池(chi)温度升(sheng)高、内压增(zeng)(zeng)大，严重时对电池(chi)的性(xing)能及外(wai)观产生破坏(huai)性(xing)影(ying)响，如漏液、鼓底，电池(chi)内阻增(zeng)(zeng)大，放电时间(jian)及循环寿命变短等。
Li-ion任何(he)形式的过以都会导(dao)致电(dian)池性能受到严重破坏，甚至爆(bao)炸(zha)。帮(bang)Li-ion在充(chong)电(dian)过程中(zhong)需采(cai)用恒流恒压充(chong)电(dian)方式，避免对电(dian)池产生过充(chong)。
20、为什(shen)么电(dian)池要储存一段时间(jian)后才能包装(zhuang)出(chu)货？
电池的(de)储存性(xing)能是衡(heng)量(liang)电池综(zong)合性(xing)能稳(wen)定(ding)程度的(de)一(yi)个重要参数(shu)。电池经过一(yi)定(ding)时间储存后，允许电池的(de)容量(liang)及内阻有一(yi)定(ding)程度的(de)变(bian)化。经过了(le)一(yi)段时间的(de)储存，可以(yi)让内部各成分的(de)电化学性(xing)能稳(wen)定(ding)下来，可以(yi)了(le)解该电池的(de)自放电性(xing)能的(de)大(da)小，以(yi)便保证电池的(de)品质。
21、为什么要化成？
电(dian)(dian)池制造后，通过(guo)一(yi)定的(de)充放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)方(fang)式将其内(nei)部正负极(ji)物(wu)质激(ji)活，改善电(dian)(dian)池的(de)充放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)能及自放(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)、储(chu)存等(deng)综(zong)合性(xing)(xing)能的(de)过(guo)程称为化成，电(dian)(dian)池粉(fen)有经过(guo)化成后才能体现(xian)真(zhen)实性(xing)(xing)能。
22.什么是分容(rong)？
电(dian)池在制(zhi)造过(guo)程中，因(yin)(yin)工艺原因(yin)(yin)使得电(dian)池的实际容(rong)量不可能(neng)完全一致，通(tong)过(guo)一定的充(chong)放电(dian)制(zhi)度检(jian)测，并将电(dian)池按容(rong)量分(fen)类的过(guo)程称为分(fen)容(rong)。
23．什么是压降(jiang)？
电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)按定性(xing)充电(dian)至80%以上，测(ce)量其电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)空载电(dian)压(ya)。5W/2W电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)作为(wei)负(fu)载连(lian)接电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正负(fu)极端开关作为(wei)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的断(duan)路(lu)，通路(lu)的装置(zhi)进行串联(lian)。打开开关后5秒电(dian)压(ya)下(xia)降不大于0。4V，为(wei)合格主要为(wei)测(ce)试电(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)负(fu)载性(xing)能。
24．什么是(shi)静态(tai)电阻(zu)？
即放电(dian)时(shi)电(dian)池内(nei)阻
25．什么(me)是动态电阻(zu)？
即充(chong)电(dian)时(shi)电(dian)池内阻(zu)。
26．什么是电池(chi)的负载能(neng)力？
当(dang)电(dian)(dian)池的正负(fu)极(ji)两端连接在用(yong)电(dian)(dian)器上时(shi)，带动用(yong)电(dian)(dian)器工作时(shi)的输出功率，即为(wei)电(dian)(dian)池的负(fu)载能(neng)力。
27.什么是充(chong)电效(xiao)率(lv)？什么是放电效(xiao)率(lv)？
充(chong)电效(xiao)率是(shi)指电池(chi)在充(chong)电过程(cheng)中所消耗的(de)电能(neng)转化成电池(chi)所能(neng)储(chu)蓄顾的(de)化学能(neng)程(cheng)度的(de)量度。主要受(shou)电池(chi)工(gong)艺，配方及电池(chi)的(de)工(gong)作环境(jing)温度影响，一般环境(jing)温度越高，则(ze)充(chong)电效(xiao)率要低(di)。
放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)(lv)是指(zhi)在一定(ding)的(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)条件下放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)至终点电(dian)(dian)(dian)压所(suo)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)出(chu)的(de)实际(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)量与额定(ding)容量之比，主(zhu)要受放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率(lv)(lv)，环境(jing)温度(du)(du)，内(nei)阻等(deng)到因素影响，一般情(qing)况(kuang)下，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率(lv)(lv)越高，则(ze)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)(lv)越低。温度(du)(du)越低，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)(lv)越低。
28．目(mu)前(qian)常见的各种可充电电池(chi)之间有什么区(qu)别？
目前镍(nie)(nie)镉，镍(nie)(nie)氢，锂离子充电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)大(da)量(liang)(liang)应用(yong)于(yu)各种便携(xie)式用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)设备（如笔记本(ben)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)脑，摄像机和(he)移(yi)动电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)话(hua)等到）中(zhong)，每种充电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都具自(zi)已独特的(de)化学性质。镍(nie)(nie)镉和(he)镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)之(zhi)间主要(yao)差(cha)别在于(yu)：镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)能量(liang)(liang)密度比(bi)较高。与(yu)相同型号电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)对比(bi)，镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)是(shi)镍(nie)(nie)镉电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)二倍。这意(yi)味着在不(bu)为用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)设备增加额外重量(liang)(liang)时，使用(yong)镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)能大(da)大(da)地延长(zhang)设备工作(zuo)时间。镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)另一优点是(shi)；A大(da)大(da)减少(shao)了处镉电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)存(cun)在的(de)：“记忆效应”问题，从而使得镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)更(geng)方便地使用(yong)。镍(nie)(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)比(bi)镍(nie)(nie)镉电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)更(geng)环保，因为它内部没(mei)有(you)有(you)毒(du)重金属元(yuan)素。
Li-ion也已(yi)经快速成为(wei)便携设(she)备的标准电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，Li-ion能(neng)(neng)提(ti)供和(he)(he)(he)镍氢电(dian)(dian)池一样的能(neng)(neng)量，但(dan)在重量方面则可(ke)减少大约(yue)35%，这(zhei)对于旬(xun)摄像机和(he)(he)(he)笔记本电(dian)(dian)脑之(zhi)类的用电(dian)(dian)设(she)备来说是至(zhi)关(guan)重要的。Li-ion完(wan)全没有(you)“记忆效应”和(he)(he)(he)不含有(you)毒物质的优点(dian)也是使(shi)它成为(wei)标准电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的重要因素。
32、Ni、Cd、NiMH、Li-ion各技术(shu)参(can)数比较。
电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)类型项目镍镉充(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)镍氢充(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)锂离(li)子充(chong)(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)
重量比能(neng)量5065105-140
体积(ji)比能量150200300
充放电寿命5005001000
自放电率(%)25-3030-356-9
有(you)无记忆效应有(you)无无
有无污染有无无
注:充电(dian)速率均为1C
29、目前在使(shi)用和研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)“绿(lv)色电池”有哪些？
新(xin)型绿色环保(bao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是指近年来已经(jing)(jing)投(tou)入使用(yong)(yong)或(huo)正(zheng)在研(yan)制(zhi)开发(fa)的(de)一类(lei)高(gao)性(xing)能、无(wu)污染(ran)的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。目前(qian)已经(jing)(jing)大(da)量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)锂(li)离子(zi)(zi)蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、金属(shu)氢化物镍蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)正(zheng)在推广使用(yong)(yong)的(de)无(wu)汞碱性(xing)锌锰电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)以及(ji)正(zheng)在研(yan)制(zhi)开发(fa)的(de)锂(li)或(huo)锂(li)离子(zi)(zi)塑料蓄电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、燃烧电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化学储(chu)能超级电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器都属(shu)于新(xin)型绿色环保(bao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)范畴。此外(wai)，目前(qian)已经(jing)(jing)广泛(fan)应用(yong)(yong)的(de)利(li)用(yong)(yong)太(tai)阳能进行光电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)转(zhuan)换的(de)太(tai)阳电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
30、什么电池将(jiang)会主(zhu)宰电池市(shi)场？
随着(zhe)照相机(ji)，移动和无绳(sheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)话，笔记本电(dian)(dian)(dian)脑，带图像(xiang)，声音的多媒体设(she)备(bei)在家(jia)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中占据(ju)越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)重(zhong)(zhong)要的位置，与一次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比较，二(er)次(ci)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)即可(ke)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)式电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也(ye)大量的应用到(dao)这些领域中。而(er)二(er)次(ci)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)将向体积小，重(zhong)(zhong)量轻，容(rong)量，智(zhi)能(neng)化的方向发展。
31、什么是锂离子蓄(xu)电(dian)池？
是指以(yi)(yi)锂离子为(wei)反应活性(xing)物质(zhi)的(de)可充式电(dian)池，当电(dian)池放电(dian)到终止(zhi)电(dian)压后能够再充电(dian)，以(yi)(yi)恢复到放电(dian)前的(de)状态。
32、锂离子蓄(xu)电池(chi)的工作原(yuan)理？
放电(dian)(dian)时，锂(li)与(yu)碳(tan)的(de)相嵌(qian)化(hua)合物(wu)中的(de)锂(li)，从负(fu)极(ji)溶解形成锂(li)离子到(dao)电(dian)(dian)解液(ye)中，穿过电(dian)(dian)解液(ye)并在(zai)(zai)正极(ji)晶体中嵌(qian)入(ru)形成嵌(qian)入(ru)化(hua)合物(wu).充(chong)电(dian)(dian)时，在(zai)(zai)正极(ji)嵌(qian)入(ru)的(de)锂(li)离子重(zhong)新回到(dao)电(dian)(dian)解液(ye)中，然后在(zai)(zai)负(fu)极(ji)上与(yu)碳(tan)形成嵌(qian)入(ru)化(hua)合物(wu)，周(zhou)而复始.
33、锂离子蓄电池与镍(nie)/镉、镍(nie)/氢(qing)、铅酸蓄电池相比有哪些优点？
比(bi)能(neng)量(liang)高，自放电率低，高低温性能(neng)好和充放电寿命长。
34、何为电(dian)池的(de)平均(jun)电(dian)压？
电(dian)池放电(dian)时，从开(kai)始到放电(dian)终止时的电(dian)压平均值。
35、何为电池的能量密度？
指电池的单(dan)位体积(ji)所含的电能。
36、何(he)为电池的容(rong)量？
指(zhi)电(dian)池内的(de)活(huo)性物质参加电(dian)化(hua)学反应所(suo)能放出的(de)电(dian)能称为电(dian)池的(de)容量。
37、何为电池的设(she)计(ji)容量？
根(gen)据(ju)电池(chi)内所含(han)活性(xing)物质的(de)量(liang)，从电化学理论计算(suan)电池(chi)的(de)容量(liang)称为设计容量(liang)。
38、何(he)为电池额定容量？
指电(dian)池经(jing)设计后，经(jing)电(dian)池制程(cheng)过程(cheng)的(de)影响，电(dian)池所能达到容量(liang)称为额定容量(liang)。
39、锂离子蓄电池的工作温度范围(wei)？
充电(dian)-10—45℃放(fang)电(dian)-30—55℃
40、何为电(dian)池的倍率(lv)放电(dian)？
指放电(dian)(dian)时，放电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)流（A）与(yu)额(e)定容(rong)量（A•h）的倍率关系(xi)表(biao)示。
41、何为电池的(de)小时率(lv)放电？
按一定输出电(dian)流放完额定容量所(suo)需(xu)的小时(shi)数数，称为放电(dian)时(shi)率。
42、锂离(li)子蓄(xu)电(dian)池由那些原材料组成(cheng)？
正极(ji)(ji)活性物质，负极(ji)(ji)活性物质，集流片，隔膜，电(dian)解液，外壳等材料组成(cheng)。
43、锂(li)离子蓄电(dian)池型号与电(dian)池的那些特征有(you)关(guan)？
电池的外形长、宽、高(gao)及电池的容量。
44、影(ying)响锂离子电(dian)池循环(huan)性能的两个(ge)**重要的因素是什(shen)么？
活性物质的性质和杂质的种类(lei)、含(han)量。
45、如何在生产过程中控制电池(chi)内部的水份？
1、作好防潮、防湿处理(li)。
2、缩(suo)短操作时(shi)间，减少(shao)极片(pian)在(zai)空气中暴露时(shi)间。
3、合理正确地进行烘烤(kao)作业。
4、尽量在(zai)干燥环境下(xia)进行(xing)作业。
46、锂离子蓄电池的活性正极材料(liao)是什么？
锂(li)(li)盐；如钴(gu)酸(suan)锂(li)(li)，锰酸(suan)锂(li)(li)，镍酸(suan)锂(li)(li)等。
47、锂离(li)子蓄电池(chi)的活性负极材料是什么？
石墨粉
48、电(dian)极(ji)材料为何要加入导电(dian)剂？
在电池(chi)工作(zuo)时(shi)，电池(chi)的(de)活性(xing)物质(zhi)无(wu)论充放(fang)电都(dou)不会溶解在电解液中，为(wei)加强(qiang)活性(xing)物质(zhi)与网栅、集流片的(de)接解导电性(xing)，而加放(fang)导电剂。
49、锂离子(zi)蓄(xu)电(dian)池的(de)电(dian)解液的(de)组成是什么(me)？
常用的为六氟磷(lin)酸锂(li)，四(si)氟磷(lin)酸锂(li)（LiPF6、LiClO4）等。
50、配料的目的是(shi)什么？
使活(huo)性物质(zhi)分(fen)散均匀(yun)，便(bian)于拉浆(jiang)(jiang)均匀(yun)，上(shang)浆(jiang)(jiang)量(liang)恒定(ding)。
51、正、负极片拉浆(jiang)的三个基本参(can)数
拉浆温(wen)度、速度、敷料量。
52、如何(he)控(kong)制(zhi)极(ji)片的敷料量？
根据正负极浆料的固含(han)量(liang)、比重(zhong)调(diao)节(jie)拉浆机(ji)机(ji)头刀具(ju)间隙，控制拉浆的厚度(du)，以(yi)达(da)到控制。
53、如何头判定拉浆过程中极(ji)片的质量(liang)好坏
极(ji)片(pian)表(biao)面平(ping)整、光(guang)滑(hua)、敷料(liao)均匀(yun)、附着(zhe)力(li)好、干燥，不(bu)脱料(liao)、不(bu)掉料(liao)、缺(que)料(liao)、无积尘、无划痕(hen)、无气泡的极(ji)片(pian)为(wei)好的极(ji)片(pian)，有缺(que)陷的为(wei)不(bu)好的极(ji)片(pian)。
54、正、负极片裁(cai)片的主(zhu)要(yao)的设备
铡纸刀、剪板机。
55、正、负极片的主要注意事(shi)项(xiang)
1、检查(cha)刀(dao)口(kou)有无毛刺、不(bu)平，作业时注意用刀(dao)的安(an)全。
2、正(zheng)负极(ji)裁(cai)片用刀不可(ke)混用。
3、在裁片过程中随(sui)时检查极片的质量(liang)，将不(bu)合(he)格(ge)的分(fen)档分(fen)开，不(bu)可(ke)混淆放(fang)置。
4、裁完(wan)的片经检(jian)查后(hou)极时(shi)转(zhuan)入以(yi)后(hou)的工序作业中。
56、正、负极正烘(hong)烤的目的是(shi)什么(me)？
除(chu)去(qu)极片内的水份和有(you)机(ji)溶剂。
57、正(zheng)、负极(ji)片(pian)(pian)压片(pian)(pian)的目的？
使活(huo)性物质(zhi)与(yu)网栅及集流片(pian)接触紧密(mi)，减小(xiao)电(dian)子的(de)(de)移动距离，降低(di)极片(pian)的(de)(de)厚度，增加装(zhuang)填量(liang)，提高电(dian)池体积的(de)(de)利用率。从而(er)提高电(dian)池的(de)(de)容量(liang)。
58、压片厚度(du)对电池性能有什么影(ying)响？
压片厚(hou)(hou)度(du)太厚(hou)(hou)时，容(rong)易使电(dian)池(chi)内活性物质量(liang)减少，单(dan)位体积(ji)的活性物质量(liang)的减少和极(ji)化电(dian)位的增(zeng)大，从而造(zao)成(cheng)电(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量(liang)降低。
压片(pian)厚度太薄时，容易造成电池(chi)内的活(huo)性物质量增加，极片(pian)表面有效面积减(jian)小(xiao)，从而(er)造成活(huo)性材(cai)料的浪费和大电流的困难。
59、极(ji)片称重的目的是什(shen)么？
准确(que)了解(jie)和掌握(wo)极片的(de)敷(fu)料量。
60、配(pei)片的目的是(shi)什(shen)么？
使正负(fu)极(ji)片上的活性物质(zhi)的量比例保持一致性。
61、为(wei)什么要进行刷片操(cao)作？
清除极(ji)片上(shang)的(de)积(ji)尘，积(ji)料，毛刺等。
62、正(zheng)极(ji)片采用什么极(ji)耳？
采用铝带极耳。
63、负极片采用什么极耳(er)？
采用镍带极耳。
64、焊接极耳的设备(bei)？
正极用超声波焊(han)机(ji)，负极用点(dian)焊(han)机(ji)。
65、卷绕车间的湿度对电池(chi)质量(liang)有什么影响(xiang)？
卷绕(rao)房内(nei)的(de)(de)湿度大(da)时(shi)，极片吸水量(liang)大(da)，增加了(le)极片的(de)(de)水份(fen)含量(liang)，在电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)产生气体量(liang)增加，使电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)内(nei)压(ya)增加，危害电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)安全(quan)性能(neng)。水份(fen)的(de)(de)增加多消耗(hao)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)活(huo)物质，使电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)下降(jiang)。湿度小反之，
66、卷绕车(che)间中空调机和除湿系(xi)统的作用？
保持室内(nei)的温度(du)恒(heng)度(du)，减小室内(nei)的湿度(du)，以提(ti)高(gao)电池的性能。
67、卷绕车(che)间是否可用水擦(ca)地板？
不可以
68、卷绕电池芯的(de)主要注意事项？
1、极(ji)片与(yu)隔膜纸铺平对齐。用(yong)手按住极(ji)片与(yu)隔膜纸时，用(yong)力大小(xiao)适中均匀。电池(chi)芯(xin)卷绕(rao)松(song)紧适当。
2、注意极片上有(you)无(wu)划痕、掉料、缺料、气(qi)孔、起泡(pao)等不良及隔膜纸有(you)无(wu)不良，如有(you)作废品处理。
3、卷绕时注(zhu)意手(shou)脚的谐调性(xing)，不(bu)被卷针划伤手(shou)。
69、电池(chi)芯(xin)贴胶纸的目的和位置？
电(dian)池(chi)(chi)芯贴纸(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)位(wei)置在电(dian)芯卷绕成型(xing)后不变形(xing)。底部贴胶(jiao)纸(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)防(fang)止电(dian)芯内的(de)(de)正极(ji)片底部与电(dian)池(chi)(chi)外壳接触电(dian)池(chi)(chi)造(zao)成短路。侧面贴纸(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使电(dian)芯卷绕成型(xing)后不变形(xing)。底部贴胶(jiao)纸(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)防(fang)止电(dian)芯内的(de)(de)正极(ji)片底部与电(dian)池(chi)(chi)外壳接触造(zao)成电(dian)池(chi)(chi)短路。
70、将极(ji)耳焊接到盖(gai)板上(shang)采用(yong)那些设备？
超声波(bo)、对焊机。
71、电池(chi)芯电阻要求？
大于20MΩ
72、电池芯的电阻(zu)达不到要求怎(zen)么办？
返修
73、为(wei)何极(ji)耳也(ye)要贴胶纸？
增加牢固(gu)性和防(fang)止极耳接触产生短路。
74、电池盖板在使用(yong)前需要做那些检(jian)验？
外形尺寸(cun)、形状、厚(hou)度、绝缘怀、密封性、耐腐蚀(shi)性、材持等项目的检(jian)验。
75、电(dian)池盖板所能承受(shou)的(de)**大(da)压力(li)是多(duo)少？
0.4Mpa
76、如何防(fang)止电(dian)池漏液(ye)？
防止电池漏液应做好以下(xia)几方面的(de)工作：
1、焊接电池外壳与盖帽(mao)时，应焊接牢固(gu)、密(mi)封，焊接无(wu)漏(lou)焊、虚焊，焊缝无(wu)裂缝、裂口等不良(liang)。
2、钢珠封口(kou)时，钢珠大小适当(dang)，钢珠材(cai)质(zhi)与(yu)盖帽材(cai)质(zhi)相(xiang)同。焊接无裂口(kou)、裂缝(feng)并且焊接牢固。
3、盖帽的正极柳接紧密(mi)，无间隙，并(bing)且绝缘密(mi)封垫弹性适当，耐腐蚀(shi)，不易老化。
77、如何在现有条件下防止未封口电池在车间吸(xi)水？
1、作业电池应少量多(duo)次。缩短电池在空气中暴露时间。
2、作(zuo)业完(wan)毕(bi)的电池及时转送到(dao)下一工序。尽量缩短电池在制程中的停滞时间。
78、干燥房(fang)的湿度要求？
相对(dui)湿度在6%以下。
79、干燥房(fang)的湿度对电池的性能有(you)什么(me)影响？
湿度增加使电(dian)(dian)池(chi)芯的吸水量增大(da)，使电(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量下(xia)降，内(nei)压增加。
80、如何尽量防止(zhi)湿气进入干燥房？
少进(jin)少出，少开门(men)，干燥房的(de)门(men)不能同时(shi)打开。
81、你(ni)认为干燥房(fang)可以(yi)用水擦(ca)地板吗？
不可以。
82、电池在注液前需要做那(nei)些(xie)处理？
涂胶和真空烘烤处理。
83、电池在注(zhu)液前为(wei)何要进行真空烘(hong)烤？
尽量除去电芯内的所含(han)的水份和(he)溶剂。
84、电池在注液前为(wei)何要称重？
以便准确计算注液(ye)量(liang)多少(shao)。
85、电池(chi)注液方法？
用(yong)手动注(zhu)液(ye)(ye)机或自(zi)动注(zhu)液(ye)(ye)机进(jin)行(xing)注(zhu)液(ye)(ye)操作。
86、如何(he)检验电(dian)池是否注满电(dian)解液？
用(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)抽吸(xi)测试，在注(zhu)液口上(shang)用(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)吸(xi)时，有电解液被抽上(shang)表示已(yi)满(man)，没(mei)有表示没(mei)满(man)。
87、电解液中的(de)LiOF6的(de)作用？
导电的电解质。
88、电解液中的LiPF6的浓度？
1mol/L
89、电解液中溶剂的(de)作用？
溶解(jie)电解(jie)质(zhi)，使电解(jie)质(zhi)离子(zi)化(hua)。
90、电解液的电导率范围？
8×10-3Ω-1
91、电(dian)导率对(dui)电(dian)池工作电(dian)流的影响？
电(dian)导率(lv)影响倍率(lv)放电(dian)率(lv)，和(he)电(dian)池的(de)内阻，和(he)电(dian)池的(de)电(dian)压。
92、电(dian)池的内阻(zu)受那些因素影响？
电解(jie)液的电导(dao)率(lv)，电池的外(wai)壳材料(liao)性能，极片的导(dao)电率(lv)及极耳材料(liao)的截面(mian)积(ji)。电池焊接的质量。
93、电池的容量受那些因素影(ying)响？
正负极材料的(de)特征的(de)性能及材料的(de)种类、型号(hao)和活(huo)性物质的(de)量。
正负极(ji)活性(xing)物质的正确比例。
电(dian)解液的浓度(du)和(he)种类(lei)。
生产制程过程。
94、你认为如何在电池生(sheng)过程中控制(zhi)电池内的水(shui)份？
在(zai)生产制(zhi)程中(zhong)严(yan)格控制(zhi)环境(jing)的湿(shi)度以及(ji)加强(qiang)电(dian)芯(xin)的烘(hong)烤控制(zhi)电(dian)池(chi)的水份。
95、电(dian)(dian)池在(zai)带(dai)电(dian)(dian)时可否用(yong)表(biao)测量电(dian)(dian)阻？
可以
96、化成机在化成大容量电(dian)池时应该注意什么(me)问题(ti)？
注意电池的(de)(de)总(zong)功率是否超(chao)过化成机的(de)(de)功率。